Technical Comparative Benchmarking Study: Advanced AI Hybrid Methods for Renewable Energy Farm Optimization and Forecasting

arXiv cs.LG Papers
ai-benchmarking renewable-energy machine-learning deep-learning hybrid-models wind-energy forecasting

Summary

A comparative benchmarking study evaluates various AI methods for renewable energy farm optimization and forecasting, showing that ensemble and hybrid approaches excel in different data scenarios.

arXiv:2608.26613v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This study provides a comprehensive benchmarking of conventional machine learning (ML), ensemble learning, deep neural networks, recurrent architectures, Transformers, graph based models, and hybrid ensemble deep learning approaches under complementary renewable energy scenarios. Three datasets are considered: a large scale WEC dataset, a 16 WEC dataset, and operational 10 min SCADA measurements at the Penmanshiel wind farm. For structured WEC layout data, tree ensembles exhibited a clear advantage over conventional ML and neural predictors because randomized partitioning and boosting efficiently captured nonlinear layout power interactions without requiring explicit feature representation learning. The Extra Trees was the strongest model, achieving considerable results. Relative to the MLP baseline, this corresponds to an approximately 63.7% reduction in MAE, demonstrating the suitability of randomized tree ensembles for high dimensional structured WEC data. Also, STGCN reduced the MAE to approximately 167.0 kW and achieved R = 0.93 by explicitly learning spatial and temporal turbine interactions. The best overall forecasting accuracy was obtained by the RF BiLSTM hybrid, with an MAE=150.5 kW. Compared with standalone LSTM, this represents an approximately 75% reduction in MAE, while improving on STGCN by approximately 10.0%. Finally, the experiments reveal that no single AI architecture is universally optimal: randomized and boosted ensembles are particularly effective for structured WEC surrogate modeling, graph networks become advantageous when explicit spatial interactions dominate, and ensemble recurrent hybrids provide the strongest balance when nonlinear tabular relationships and temporal dynamics coexist.
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# Technical Comparative Benchmarking Study: Advanced AI Hybrid Methods for Renewable Energy Farm Optimization and Forecasting
Source: [https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.26613](https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.26613)
[View PDF](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2608.26613)

> Abstract:This study provides a comprehensive benchmarking of conventional machine learning \(ML\), ensemble learning, deep neural networks, recurrent architectures, Transformers, graph based models, and hybrid ensemble deep learning approaches under complementary renewable energy scenarios\. Three datasets are considered: a large scale WEC dataset, a 16 WEC dataset, and operational 10 min SCADA measurements at the Penmanshiel wind farm\. For structured WEC layout data, tree ensembles exhibited a clear advantage over conventional ML and neural predictors because randomized partitioning and boosting efficiently captured nonlinear layout power interactions without requiring explicit feature representation learning\. The Extra Trees was the strongest model, achieving considerable results\. Relative to the MLP baseline, this corresponds to an approximately 63\.7% reduction in MAE, demonstrating the suitability of randomized tree ensembles for high dimensional structured WEC data\. Also, STGCN reduced the MAE to approximately 167\.0 kW and achieved R = 0\.93 by explicitly learning spatial and temporal turbine interactions\. The best overall forecasting accuracy was obtained by the RF BiLSTM hybrid, with an MAE=150\.5 kW\. Compared with standalone LSTM, this represents an approximately 75% reduction in MAE, while improving on STGCN by approximately 10\.0%\. Finally, the experiments reveal that no single AI architecture is universally optimal: randomized and boosted ensembles are particularly effective for structured WEC surrogate modeling, graph networks become advantageous when explicit spatial interactions dominate, and ensemble recurrent hybrids provide the strongest balance when nonlinear tabular relationships and temporal dynamics coexist\.

## Submission history

From: Rajabi Masoumi Mina \[[view email](https://arxiv.org/show-email/662cbc1e/2608.26613)\] **\[v1\]**Thu, 27 Aug 2026 04:52:23 UTC \(1,266 KB\)

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