@ycombinator: Robots can already fold laundry, make espresso, clean kitchens, and assemble things. The harder problem is getting them…

Robots can already fold laundry, make espresso, clean kitchens, and assemble things. The harder problem is getting them to do those tasks reliably, for long periods of time, without a human babysitting them. At Startup School 2026, @physical_int cofounder @chelseabfinn explains what it takes to build general-purpose robots that work in the real world. She shares how reinforcement learning pushed robot throughput up 2x, how their systems can run autonomously for hours, and why she believes robotics is entering its GPT era: moving from specialized models toward general-purpose systems that can work across tasks, robots, and environments. 00:00 — The State of Physical Intelligence 01:23 — What It Takes to Make Robots Useful 05:11 — The Reliability Problem 07:43 — Reinforcement Learning for Robotics 09:35 — Learning From Failures 12:43 — Training Robots to Improve Themselves 14:21 — Can a Robot Work for 13 Hours Straight? 17:36 — Why Robots Need Memory 21:22 — Building a General-Purpose Robot 25:02 — From Fine-Tuning to Out-of-the-Box Models 27:35 — Training on All the Data 30:20 — One Model That Beats the Specialists 31:21 — Compositional Generalization 37:49 — The GPT Era of Robotics 39:49 — Q&A