Latent Action as Intention Enables Efficient Future Imagination for World Action Models

Hugging Face Daily Papers Papers

Summary

LAWA is a world action model that uses latent actions to enable efficient future imagination for robot control, achieving state-of-the-art performance with reduced inference latency. It improves over baselines in generalization and efficiency without generating future observations.

World action models (WAMs) improve robot control by modeling how observations evolve, but generating future observations at test time incurs substantial latency. Fast-WAM removes this process for efficiency; however, our matched implementations show lower generalization for Fast-WAM than for future-aware alternatives, especially with scarce robot demonstrations and in out-of-distribution scenarios. To bridge this gap, we introduce **LAWA**, a WAM architecture that uses compact latent actions as an operational representation of future intentions, enabling efficient test-time future imagination without generating future observations. Specifically, a discrete tokenizer enhanced by action-free pre-training produces manipulation-centric codebook targets. LAWA jointly denoises a continuous latent state anchored to these targets with executable action chunks while omitting the future-video branch at inference. On RoboCasa, LAWA achieves state-of-the-art average success rates of 65.6% and 80.8% in the few-shot and full data settings, improving over the matched Fast-WAM baseline by 9.6 and 4.5 points, respectively. It also preserves the performance level of the matched Joint-WAM variant while requiring 42.9% lower inference latency. LAWA also demonstrates competitive zero-shot robustness on LIBERO-Plus and superior performance on real-world tasks. These results show that future imagination need not be discarded: retaining it with compact latent actions yields an effective trade-off among performance, generalization, and latency. Code and models will be released.
Original Article
View Cached Full Text

Cached at: 08/26/26, 11:11 AM

Paper page - Latent Action as Intention Enables Efficient Future Imagination for World Action Models

Source: https://huggingface.co/papers/2608.24882 Authors:

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

Abstract

LAWA improves robot control by using compact latent actions to retain efficient future imagination without generating observations, achieving strong performance with lower latency.

World action models(WAMs) improve robot control by modeling how observations evolve, but generating future observations at test time incurs substantial latency. Fast-WAM removes this process for efficiency; however, our matched implementations show lower generalization for Fast-WAM than for future-aware alternatives, especially with scarce robot demonstrations and in out-of-distribution scenarios. To bridge this gap, we introduce **LAWA**, a WAM architecture that uses compactlatent actionsas an operational representation of future intentions, enabling efficient test-time future imagination without generating future observations. Specifically, adiscrete tokenizerenhanced byaction-free pre-trainingproduces manipulation-centriccodebooktargets. LAWA jointly denoises a continuouslatent stateanchored to these targets with executableaction chunkswhile omitting thefuture-video branchat inference. On RoboCasa, LAWA achieves state-of-the-art average success rates of 65.6% and 80.8% in the few-shot and full data settings, improving over the matched Fast-WAM baseline by 9.6 and 4.5 points, respectively. It also preserves the performance level of the matched Joint-WAM variant while requiring 42.9% lowerinference latency. LAWA also demonstrates competitive zero-shot robustness on LIBERO-Plus and superior performance on real-world tasks. These results show that future imagination need not be discarded: retaining it with compactlatent actionsyields an effective trade-off among performance, generalization, and latency. Code and models will be released.

View arXiv pageView PDFProject pageAdd to collection

Get this paper in your agent:

hf papers read 2608\.24882

Don’t have the latest CLI?curl \-LsSf https://hf\.co/cli/install\.sh \| bash

Models citing this paper0

No model linking this paper

Cite arxiv.org/abs/2608.24882 in a model README.md to link it from this page.

Datasets citing this paper0

No dataset linking this paper

Cite arxiv.org/abs/2608.24882 in a dataset README.md to link it from this page.

Spaces citing this paper0

No Space linking this paper

Cite arxiv.org/abs/2608.24882 in a Space README.md to link it from this page.

Collections including this paper0

No Collection including this paper

Add this paper to acollectionto link it from this page.

Similar Articles