The Download:酷热难耐的热浪与前所未有的OpenAI限制
摘要
这份简报报道了欧洲严重热浪对大脑健康的影响,以及特朗普政府要求OpenAI限制发布其GPT-5.6模型这一前所未有的举措。
<p><em>这是今天的</em><a href="https://forms.technologyreview.com/newsletters/briefing-the-download/?_ga=2.179569122.736533416.1649661040-405833893.1649413289"><em>《The Download》</em></a><em>,我们工作日的新闻通讯,每天提供科技世界的最新动态。</em></p>
<h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>热浪扰乱大脑。科学家正试图查明原因。</strong></h3>
<p><em>——杰西卡·哈姆泽卢</em></p>
<p>本周伦敦天气炎热。非常热。一场危险的热浪席卷了西欧。周三,英国记录到了6月最高气温36.1摄氏度(约97华氏度)。但正如我手机上的天气应用所确认的那样,实际<em>体感温度</em>达到39摄氏度。</p>
<p>西欧大部分地区都深受其害,给农业、基础设施和医疗系统带来了可怕的后果。但高温还会影响大脑。</p>
<p>研究证实,随着气温升高,人们似乎变得更易怒且<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11477092/">更暴力</a>。研究还表明,消防员在高温暴露后更难集中注意力。气温升高还可能对儿童和患有精神健康疾病的人造成特别灾难性的后果。</p>
<p>对实验室动物的研究表明,过热会改变我们大脑中化学信号的功能。但我们仍然需要更好地理解这些影响背后的机制。</p>
<p><a href="https://www.technologyreview.com/2026/06/26/1139760/heat-waves-mess-with-your-brain-scientists-are-trying-to-figure-out-why/?utm_source=the_download&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=the_download.unpaid.engagement&utm_term=*%7CSUBCLASS%7C*&utm_content=*%7CDATE:m-d-Y%7C*">以下是科学家们关于极端高温对大脑影响的最新发现</a>。</p>
<p><strong>这篇</strong><a href="https://www.technologyreview.com/2026/06/26/1139760/heat-waves-mess-with-your-brain-scientists-are-trying-to-figure-out-why/?utm_source=the_download&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=the_download.unpaid.engagement&utm_term=*%7CSUBCLASS%7C*&utm_content=*%7CDATE:m-d-Y%7C*"><strong>故事</strong></a><strong>来自我们的每周生物科技通讯《The Checkup》。</strong><a href="https://forms.technologyreview.com/newsletters/biotech-the-checkup/?_ga=2.27955388.1879496638.1664182320-160041263.1657781451&mc_cid=a40eac2491&mc_eid=f221407621&utm_source=the_download&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=the_download.unpaid.engagement&utm_term=*%7CSUBCLASS%7C*&utm_content=*%7CDATE:m-d-Y%7C*"><strong>注册</strong></a><strong>后,每周四即可在收件箱中收到。</strong></p>
<p><strong><em>想了解更多关于欧洲热浪的信息,请阅读我们的报道:</em></strong><a href="https://www.technologyreview.com/2026/06/24/1139676/europe-heat-power-plants/?utm_source=the_download&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=the_download.unpaid.engagement&utm_term=*%7CSUBCLASS%7C*&utm_content=*%7CDATE:m-d-Y%7C*"><strong><em>为何飙升的气温正在迫使发电厂关闭</em></strong></a><strong><em> 以及 </em></strong><a href="https://www.technologyreview.com/2026/06/25/1139690/europe-heat-wave-grid/?utm_source=the_download&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=the_download.unpaid.engagement&utm_term=*%7CSUBCLASS%7C*&utm_content=*%7CDATE:m-d-Y%7C*"><strong><em>这对电网意味着什么</em></strong></a><strong><em>。</em></strong></p>
<p class="has-medium-font-size"><strong>必读精选</strong></p>
<p><em>我在互联网上搜罗了今天最有趣/重要/惊悚/迷人的科技故事。</em></p>
<p><strong>1 特朗普政府要求OpenAI限制其下一模型发布</strong><br>政府希望在更广泛发布前,先审查首批GPT 5.6用户。(<a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2026-06-25/trump-administration-asks-openai-to-stagger-release-of-ai-model">彭博社</a> $)<br><em>+ OpenAI表示,每个初始合作伙伴都将获得政府批准。</em>(<a href="https://www.ft.com/content/0580e5c9-75b8-4cc5-803d-fbb4e82bb3ad?syn-25a6b1a6=1">金融时报</a> $)<br><em>+ 这是美国公司首次被要求在发布前限制AI模型。</em>(<a href="https://www.axios.com/2026/06/25/trump-administration-openai-gpt-model-release">Axios</a>)<br><em>+ Anthropic也仍在与华盛顿争执不下。</em>(<a href="https://www.technologyreview.com/2026/06/22/1139424/three-things-to-watch-amid-anthropics-latest-feud-with-the-government/?utm_source=the_download&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=the_download.unpaid.engagement&utm_term=*%7CSUBCLASS%7C*&utm_content=*%7CDATE:m-d-Y%7C*">MIT Technology Review</a>)<br><br><strong>2 苹果和Xbox提价,归咎于AI驱动的芯片成本</strong><br>部分MacBook、iPad和Xbox的售价上涨超过20%。(<a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c3ryj81ywlro">BBC</a>)<br><em>+ 公告发布后苹果股价暴跌。</em>(<a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/business/consumer/apple-stock-ipad-macbook-price-hikes-rcna351786">NBC</a>)<br><em>+ AI数据中心需求推高了内存和存储价格。</em>(<a href="https://www.wsj.com/economy/the-data-center-boom-is-sparking-a-third-wave-of-inflation-926adc6e">华尔街日报</a> $)<br><em>+ 这种短缺被称为“RAMaggedon(内存灾难)”。</em>(<a href="https://www.theverge.com/tech/956950/ram-crisis-apple-price-increase">The Verge</a>)<br> <br><strong>3 Colossal与美国正在建设濒危物种“生物库”</strong><br>该项目旨在冷冻保存超过2300种动植物样本。(<a href="https://www.wired.com/story/colossal-interior-department-team-up-endangered-species-dna/">连线</a> $)<br><em>+ 此举正值濒危物种保护面临越来越多的威胁。</em>(<a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2026/06/25/climate/colossal-biosciences-gene-bank.html">纽约时报</a> $)<br>+ <em>Colossal还在人工蛋壳中培育小鸡。</em>(<a href="https://www.technologyreview.com/2026/05/19/1137471/colossal-biosciences-is-growing-chickens-in-a-3d-printed-container/?utm_source=the_download&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=the_download.unpaid.engagement&utm_term=*%7CSUBCLASS%7C*&utm_content=*%7CDATE:m-d-Y%7C*">MIT Technology Review</a>)<br> <br><strong>4 美国因涉华规则禁止Polestar销售其电动车</strong><br>这家总部位于瑞典的公司由中国吉利控股。(<a href="https://edition.cnn.com/2026/06/25/business/polestar-us-ban">CNN</a>)<br><em>+ 禁令是因为其车联网技术与中国有关联。</em>(<a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/us-denies-polestar-authorization-sell-vehicles-latest-strike-against-china-made-2026-06-25/">路透社</a> $)<br><em>+ 中国海外电动车工厂热潮怎么了?</em>(<a href="https://restofworld.org/2026/china-ev-makers-overseas-factories-exports/">Rest of World</a>)<br> <br><strong>5 中国押注人形机器人以应对人口下降</strong><br>中国希望这些机器人缩小劳动力缺口。(<a href="https://www.ft.com/content/c8731833-10ca-4a12-bfe4-8ebb2584ec68?syn-25a6b1a6=1">金融时报</a> $)<br><em>+ 零工工人正在家中训练人形机器人。</em>(<a href="https://www.technologyreview.com/2026/04/01/1134863/humanoid-data-training-gig-economy-2026-breakthrough-technology/?utm_source=the_download&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=the_download.unpaid.engagement&utm_term=*%7CSUBCLASS%7C*&utm_content=*%7CDATE:m-d-Y%7C*">MIT Technology Review</a>)<br> <br><strong>6 黑洞事件视界的“指纹”已被探测到</strong><br>这一发现是通过研究时空波纹实现的。(<a href="https://www.yahoo.com/news/science/articles/fingerprints-black-holes-event-horizon-150738518.html">法新社</a>)<br> <br><strong>7 OpenAI</strong></p>
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缓存时间: 2026/06/26 17:12
# 下载:令人脑融化的热浪与OpenAI前所未有的限制
来源:https://www.technologyreview.com/2026/06/26/1139780/the-download-heatwaves-brain-health-openai-restrictions
本周伦敦酷热难耐,热浪席卷西欧,危险异常。周三,英国录得36.1°C(约97°F)的六月最高气温。但手机天气应用显示,体感温度高达39°C。
西欧多地正饱受其苦,农业、基础设施和医疗系统遭受重创。然而,高温同样影响大脑。
研究证实,随着气温升高,人们似乎更容易暴躁,**更具暴力倾向**(https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11477092/)。研究还表明,消防员在接触高温后难以集中注意力。气温上升对儿童和患有精神疾病的人群影响尤为严重。
动物实验研究表明,过度高温会改变大脑中化学信号的功能。但我们仍需更深入地理解这些影响背后的机制。
以下是科学家关于极端高温对大脑影响的发现(https://www.technologyreview.com/2026/06/26/1139760/heat-waves-mess-with-your-brain-scientists-are-trying-to-figure-out-why/?utm_source=the_download&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=the_download.unpaid.engagement&utm_term=*%7CSUBCLASS%7C*&utm_content=*%7CDATE:m-d-Y%7C*)。
**这个故事**(https://www.technologyreview.com/2026/06/26/1139760/heat-waves-mess-with-your-brain-scientists-are-trying-to-figure-out-why/?utm_source=the_download&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=the_download.unpaid.engagement&utm_term=*%7CSUBCLASS%7C*&utm_content=*%7CDATE:m-d-Y%7C*)**来自《检查》(The Checkup),我们的每周生物技术通讯。****订阅**(https://forms.technologyreview.com/newsletters/biotech-the-checkup/?_ga=2.27955388.1879496638.1664182320-160041263.1657781451&mc_cid=a40eac2491&mc_eid=f221407621&utm_source=the_download&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=the_download.unpaid.engagement&utm_term=*%7CSUBCLASS%7C*&utm_content=*%7CDATE:m-d-Y%7C*)**,每周四收件箱见。**
***更多关于欧洲热浪的报道,请阅读我们的文章:******为何不断攀升的气温迫使发电厂停运***(https://www.technologyreview.com/2026/06/24/1139676/europe-heat-power-plants/?utm_source=the_download&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=the_download.unpaid.engagement&utm_term=*%7CSUBCLASS%7C*&utm_content=*%7CDATE:m-d-Y%7C*)***以及******这对电网意味着什么***(https://www.technologyreview.com/2026/06/25/1139690/europe-heat-wave-grid/?utm_source=the_download&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=the_download.unpaid.engagement&utm_term=*%7CSUBCLASS%7C*&utm_content=*%7CDATE:m-d-Y%7C*)***。***
**必读文章**
*我在互联网上搜罗了今日最有趣/重要/可怕/引人入胜的技术故事。*
1. **特朗普政府要求OpenAI限制其下一代模型发布**
希望在更广泛发布前,先对首批GPT 5.6用户进行审查。(Bloomberg(https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2026-06-25/trump-administration-asks-openai-to-stagger-release-of-ai-model)$)
* OpenAI表示每位初始合作伙伴都将得到政府批准。(FT(https://www.ft.com/content/0580e5c9-75b8-4cc5-803d-fbb4e82bb3ad?syn-25a6b1a6=1)$)
* 这是美国公司首次被要求在发布前限制AI模型。(Axios(https://www.axios.com/2026/06/25/trump-administration-openai-gpt-model-release))
* Anthropic也仍在与华盛顿方面争执不休。(MIT Technology Review(https://www.technologyreview.com/2026/06/22/1139424/three-things-to-watch-amid-anthropics-latest-feud-with-the-government/?utm_source=the_download&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=the_download.unpaid.engagement&utm_term=*%7CSUBCLASS%7C*&utm_content=*%7CDATE:m-d-Y%7C*))
2. **苹果和Xbox因AI驱动的芯片成本上涨而提价**
部分MacBook、iPad和Xbox价格上涨超过20%。(BBC(https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c3ryj81ywlro))
* 苹果股价在宣布后暴跌。(NBC(https://www.nbcnews.com/business/consumer/apple-stock-ipad-macbook-price-hikes-rcna351786))
* AI数据中心的需求推高了内存和存储价格。(WSJ(https://www.wsj.com/economy/the-data-center-boom-is-sparking-a-third-wave-of-inflation-926adc6e)$)
* 这种短缺被称为“内存末日”(RAMaggedon)。(The Verge(https://www.theverge.com/tech/956950/ram-crisis-apple-price-increase))
3. **Colossal与美国合作建设濒危物种“生物库”**
旨在冷冻保存超过2300种植物和动物样本。(Wired(https://www.wired.com/story/colossal-interior-department-team-up-endangered-species-dna/)$)
* 此举正值对濒危物种保护措施的威胁日益加剧。(NYT(https://www.nytimes.com/2026/06/25/climate/colossal-biosciences-gene-bank.html)$)
* Colossal还在人造蛋壳中培育小鸡。(MIT Technology Review(https://www.technologyreview.com/2026/05/19/1137471/colossal-biosciences-is-growing-chickens-in-a-3d-printed-container/?utm_source=the_download&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=the_download.unpaid.engagement&utm_term=*%7CSUBCLASS%7C*&utm_content=*%7CDATE:m-d-Y%7C*))
4. **美国因反华规则禁止Polestar销售其电动汽车**
这家总部位于瑞典的公司由中国吉利控股。(CNN(https://edition.cnn.com/2026/06/25/business/polestar-us-ban))
* 禁令是因为其联网汽车技术与中国有关联。(Reuters(https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/us-denies-polestar-authorization-sell-vehicles-latest-strike-against-china-made-2026-06-25/)$)
* 中国的海外电动汽车工厂热潮怎么了?(Rest of World(https://restofworld.org/2026/china-ev-makers-overseas-factories-exports/))
5. **中国押注人形机器人以应对人口下降**
希望机器人能缩小劳动力缺口。(FT(https://www.ft.com/content/c8731833-10ca-4a12-bfe4-8ebb2584ec68?syn-25a6b1a6=1)$)
* 零工工人正在家中训练人形机器人。(MIT Technology Review(https://www.technologyreview.com/2026/04/01/1134863/humanoid-data-training-gig-economy-2026-breakthrough-technology/?utm_source=the_download&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=the_download.unpaid.engagement&utm_term=*%7CSUBCLASS%7C*&utm_content=*%7CDATE:m-d-Y%7C*))
6. **黑洞事件视界的“指纹”被探测到**
这一发现是通过研究时空涟漪获得的。(AFP(https://www.yahoo.com/news/science/articles/fingerprints-black-holes-event-horizon-150738518.html))
7. **预计OpenAI将把IPO推迟至明年**
全球市场波动和SpaceX的股价下跌令其感到不安。(NYT(https://www.nytimes.com/2026/06/25/technology/openai-ipo-artificial-intelligence.html)$)
8. **数据中心成为环境诉讼的焦点**
诉讼涉及能源来源、水资源消耗和空气污染。(Guardian(https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2026/jun/25/datacentres-facing-increase-in-global-climate-related-legal-cases-report-finds))
9. **开启人类发育的“主控基因”被发现**
该基因导致细胞形成人体。(New Scientist(https://www.newscientist.com/article/2531950-weve-uncovered-a-master-gene-that-switches-on-human-development/)$)
10. **Grok最受欢迎的功能?涩涩内容**
这部分流量占据该聊天机器人“远超一半”的份额。(The Information(https://www.theinformation.com/articles/xai-bets-groks-racy-side)$)
**每日语录**
## **“最先进的AI由少数美国公司在美国本土、依照美国法律构建,而我们其他人在周五下午就能被许可使用或限制使用。”**
——伦敦风投公司Air Street Capital的AI投资人Nathan Benaich向《金融时报》(https://www.ft.com/content/6a3a46b9-4725-469e-a909-917768a74afb?syn-25a6b1a6=1)谈及美国AI主导的地缘政治现实。
**还有一件事**
数据考古学概念图MAX-O-MATIC
#### **科技如何帮助考古学家深入挖掘**
1991年,曼哈顿的建筑工人们挖出了数百具棺材。进一步调查发现,这些遗骸有200到300年历史,且全部是非洲人和非裔美国人。
这一发现正值科学史上的一个转折点。化学和基因分析的突破使研究人员能够查明这些人的出生地、面临的身体挑战,甚至是从非洲到北美所走的路线。
如今,考古学家们正运用当年梦寐以求的技术:激光、3D摄影、激光雷达、卫星图像等等。这些工具正在揭示人类的起源、古城如何建造,以及建造者的生活。
相似文章
@Miles_Brundage: 今天关于“完全自愿,并非许可制度”:
特朗普政府因安全担忧要求OpenAI分阶段发布GPT-5.6,CEO山姆·奥特曼告知员工,政府将逐个客户批准访问。
OpenAI在政府要求后限制GPT-5.6的推出,表示限制不应成为常态
OpenAI应美国政府要求,以安全为由将其GPT-5.6模型(Sol、Terra、Luna)的推出限制在一小群可信合作伙伴范围内。该公司认为这不应成为长期常态,并正在与政府合作制定新的框架。
The Download: 欧洲热浪冲击电网,IBM芯片瞄准摩尔定律
欧洲热浪给电网带来压力,而IBM推出一款密集新型芯片以延续摩尔定律;此外,Anthropic指控阿里巴巴非法提取Claude的能力。
The Download:减少空调排放,以及自然的药物设计师
本期简报涵盖三则科技故事:旨在减少排放的固态空调、一位化学家利用AI为动物设计药物,以及Anthropic在美国指令后关闭其顶级AI模型的访问权限。
热浪扰乱大脑,科学家正在探究原因。
西欧的极端热浪引发了对大脑和认知影响的担忧。研究显示,人们易怒、暴力倾向增加,认知功能受损,尤其是有心理健康问题的人。科学家正在研究其机制,但发现很难衡量长时间热暴露的直接冲击。