Gepard:面向实时对话的0.6B流式TTS模型——20倍实时因子、约50ms首音延迟、vLLM原生支持、Apache 2.0许可

Reddit r/LocalLLaMA 模型

摘要

Gepard是一款新的流式TTS模型,具备实时对话能力,首音延迟约50ms,支持语音克隆和高并行度,以Apache 2.0许可发布。

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nineninesix/gepard-1.0 · Hugging Face

来源: https://huggingface.co/nineninesix/gepard-1.0 G 生成式,P 韵律感知,A 自回归文本转语音模型,面向R 实时D 对话

Gepard 是一个为实时对话构建的文本转语音模型。它从文本开始输入的那一刻起就开始说话,逐段生成音频,而不是等待完整句子——因此它听起来像现场语音,而非录音。它是一个同时学习文本和语音的单一语言模型,输出具有自然的节奏和时序,而非旧式流水线那种平淡、拼接的感觉。

名称 “Gepard”(发音 /geh-PART/)源自德语中的“猎豹”,寓意该模型的低延迟、高吞吐量流式特性。技术报告:tech_report (https://github.com/nineninesix-ai/gepard-train/blob/main/gepard_techreport.pdf)

https://huggingface.co/nineninesix/gepard-1.0#highlights 亮点:

  • 每帧单次干净生成—— 整个音频帧(32个正交FSQ通道)一步采样完成,无需深度Transformer。
  • 免费提升质量: CFG精化(通常是两遍开销)被融入权重中,同时保留两遍模式作为质量调节选项。
  • 在vLLM上实时运行: 单张RTX 5090上约25倍实时,首个音频块(TTFA)约50毫秒。
  • 可扩展到大量通话: 一张96GB GPU(RTX Pro 6000 Blackwell)最多可并行处理256路对话。
  • 短片段语音克隆: 几秒的参考音频即可前置捕获一次说话人特征——克隆不会增加每个单词的额外成本。

https://huggingface.co/nineninesix/gepard-1.0#languages 语言

  • 英语: 美式、英式
  • 西班牙语: 墨西哥
  • 葡萄牙语: 巴西
  • 荷兰语: 荷兰

https://huggingface.co/nineninesix/gepard-1.0#samples 示例

Gepard Demo 空间 (https://huggingface.co/spaces/nineninesix/gepard) 中实时试用模型。

语言 / 口音示例英语 (en-US)英语 (en-GB)西班牙语 (es-MX)葡萄牙语 (pt-BR)荷兰语 (nl)

https://huggingface.co/nineninesix/gepard-1.0#model-details 模型详情

  • 开发者: nineninesix.ai (https://www.nineninesix.ai/)
  • 模型类型: 自回归(仅解码器)文本转语音模型
  • 骨干网络: Qwen3.5 全注意力 Transformer(14层,隐藏层1024,8头;约500M参数)
  • 音频编解码器: NVIDIA NeMo NanoCodec — FSQ,22.05 kHz,21.5帧/秒,1.89 kbps
  • 参数量: ≈ 555.7M(骨干网络 + 音频接口 + 语音克隆压缩器)
  • 采样率: 22,050 Hz
  • 语言: 英语、西班牙语 (es-MX)、葡萄牙语 (pt-BR)、荷兰语 — 外加五种英语口音
  • 许可协议: Apache 2.0(编解码器遵守 NVIDIA Open Model License Agreement (https://developer.download.nvidia.com/licenses/nvidia-open-model-license-agreement-june-2024.pdf))

https://huggingface.co/nineninesix/gepard-1.0#benchmarks 基准测试

基于公开的 Seed-TTS-eval 数据集测量——1088对提示词,所有模型使用相同的UUID和文本。

模型WER ↓SIM ↑UTMOS ↑NISQA-MOS ↑NOI ↑COL ↑DIS ↑
VoxCPM20.0150.8672.423.973.863.964.30
Fish-S20.0160.7892.804.183.874.144.44
OmniVoice0.0160.8482.634.174.144.134.44
Qwen3-TTS0.0170.8332.874.183.894.144.43
Echo-TTS0.0220.8242.604.083.784.074.36
Gepard 1.0 (我们的)0.0360.5852.644.254.164.164.51
Chatterbox0.0630.7962.704.194.124.124.46

Gepard 在感知音频质量上领先——自然度(NISQA-MOS)最高,且在噪声、染色和不连续性方面最干净。作为牺牲,由于其流式优先的设计和速度,在说话人相似度(SIM)和词准确率(WER)上有所取舍——在需要干净自然的实时语音而非精确语音匹配的场景下非常适用。

https://huggingface.co/nineninesix/gepard-1.0#links 链接

  • Demo 空间: huggingface.co/spaces/nineninesix/gepard (https://huggingface.co/spaces/nineninesix/gepard)
  • 完整模型指南: gepard-train / docs / MODEL_GUIDE.md (https://github.com/nineninesix-ai/gepard-train/blob/main/docs/MODEL_GUIDE.md)
  • 技术报告: tech_report (https://github.com/nineninesix-ai/gepard-train/blob/main/gepard_techreport.pdf)
  • 推理: github.com/nineninesix-ai/gepard-inference (https://github.com/nineninesix-ai/gepard-inference)
  • 训练: github.com/nineninesix-ai/gepard-train (https://github.com/nineninesix-ai/gepard-train)
  • vLLM 服务: github.com/nineninesix-ai/gepard-vllm (https://github.com/nineninesix-ai/gepard-vllm)

https://huggingface.co/nineninesix/gepard-1.0#what-its-good-for 适用场景

实时和批量语音合成——语音助手、对话系统、内容配音——支持上述语言,并可选择从短参考片段进行零样本人声克隆。

请注意:

  • 英语质量最佳;其他语言会因人声和内容而有所差异。
  • 实时数据来自 vLLM 路径(gepard-vllm (https://github.com/nineninesix-ai/gepard-vllm));参考 PyTorch 运行时是行为的标准来源,但未针对吞吐量进行优化。
  • 两遍 CFG 的语音相似度略低于单遍——单遍是生产环境的默认选项。

请负责任地使用。 未经说话人同意,不得克隆人声或合成语音,也不得制造误导性或有害内容。用户有责任遵守适用法律和下述许可协议。

https://huggingface.co/nineninesix/gepard-1.0#acknowledgments 致谢

基于 Qwen3-0.8B-Base (https://huggingface.co/Qwen/Qwen3.5-0.8B-Base) 作为骨干网络,音频部分基于 NVIDIA NeMo NanoCodec (https://huggingface.co/nvidia/nemo-nano-codec-22khz-1.89kbps-21.5fps)。训练数据由 LAION (https://huggingface.co/laion) 团队通过 Emilia 和 EmoNet-Voice 数据集提供。

https://huggingface.co/nineninesix/gepard-1.0#citation 引用

如果您在研究中使用此工作,请引用:

@software{gepard_2026, author = {Nineninesix, Inc.}, title = {Gepard: GEnerative, Prosody-aware, Autoregressive text-to-speech model for Realtime Dialogue}, year = {2026}, publisher = {Hugging Face}, howpublished = {\url{https://huggingface.co/nineninesix/gepard-1.0}}, note = {Open-source, vLLM-native autoregressive TTS} }

https://huggingface.co/nineninesix/gepard-1.0#references 参考文献

`` @misc{qwen3.5, title = {{Qwen3.5}: Towards Native Multimodal Agents}, author = {{Qwen Team}}, month = {February}, year = {2026}, url = {https://qwen.ai/blog?id=qwen3.5} }

@inproceedings{kwon2023vllm, title={Efficient Memory Management for Large Language Model Serving with PagedAttention}, author={Kwon, Woosuk and Li, Zhuohan and Zhuang, Siyuan and Sheng, Ying and Zheng, Lianmin and Yu, Cody Hao and Gonzalez, Joseph E and Zhang, Hao and Stoica, Ion}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 29th Symposium on Operating Systems Principles (SOSP)}, pages={611–626}, year={2023}, eprint={2309.06180}, archivePrefix={arXiv} }

@article{dao2023flashattention2, title={FlashAttention-2: Faster Attention with Better Parallelism and Work Partitioning}, author={Dao, Tri}, journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2307.08691}, year={2023} }

@article{nvidia2025nanocodec, title={NanoCodec: Towards High-Quality Ultra Fast Speech LLM Inference}, author={Casanova, Edresson and Neekhara, Paarth and Langman, Ryan and Hussain, Shehzeen and Ghosh, Subhankar and Yang, Xuesong and Juki{'c}, Ante and Li, Jason and Ginsburg, Boris}, journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2508.05835}, year={2025} }

@article{mentzer2023fsq, title={Finite Scalar Quantization: VQ-VAE Made Simple}, author={Mentzer, Fabian and Agustsson, Eirikur and Tschannen, Michael and Malireddy, Srikanth and Alshina, Elena}, journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2309.15505}, year={2023} }

@article{nvidia2024magpie, title={Improving Robustness of LLM-based Speech Synthesis by Learning Monotonic Alignment}, author={Neekhara, Paarth and Hussain, Shehzeen and Ghosh, Subhankar and Li, Jason and Valle, Rafael and Badlani, Rohan and Ginsburg, Boris}, journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2406.17957}, year={2024} }

@article{ho2022cfg, title={Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidance}, author={Ho, Jonathan and Salimans, Tim}, journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2207.12598}, year={2022} }

@article{rafailov2023dpo, title={Direct Preference Optimization: Your Language Model is Secretly a Reward Model}, author={Rafailov, Rafael and Sharma, Archit and Mitchell, Eric and Ermon, Stefano and Manning, Christopher D and Finn, Chelsea}, journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2305.18290}, year={2023} }

@article{meng2024simpo, title={SimPO: Simple Preference Optimization with a Reference-Free Reward}, author={Meng, Yu and Xia, Mengzhou and Chen, Danqi}, journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2405.14734}, year={2024} }

@article{li2023blip2, title={BLIP-2: Bootstrapping Language-Image Pre-training with Frozen Image Encoders and Large Language Models}, author={Li, Junnan and Li, Dongxu and Savarese, Silvio and Hoi, Steven}, journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2301.12597}, year={2023} }

@inproceedings{khosla2020supcon, title={Supervised Contrastive Learning}, author={Khosla, Prannay and Teterwak, Piotr and Wang, Chen and Sarna, Aaron and Tian, Yonglong and Isola, Phillip and Maschinot, Aaron and Liu, Ce and Krishnan, Dilip}, booktitle={Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS)}, volume={33}, pages={18661–18673}, year={2020}, eprint={2004.11362}, archivePrefix={arXiv} }

@article{voicestar2025, title={VoiceStar: Robust Zero-Shot Autoregressive TTS with Duration Control and Extrapolation}, author={Peng, Puyuan and Li, Shang-Wen and Mohamed, Abdelrahman and Harwath, David}, journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2505.19462}, year={2025} }

@article{radford2022whisper, title={Robust Speech Recognition via Large-Scale Weak Supervision}, author={Radford, Alec and Kim, Jong Wook and Xu, Tao and Brockman, Greg and McLeavey, Christine and Sutskever, Ilya}, journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2212.04356}, year={2022} }

@inproceedings{emilialarge, author={He, Haorui and Shang, Zengqiang and Wang, Chaoren and Li, Xuyuan and Gu, Yicheng and Hua, Hua and Liu, Liwei and Yang, Chen and Li, Jiaqi and Shi, Peiyang and Wang, Yuancheng and Chen, Kai and Zhang, Pengyuan and Wu, Zhizheng}, title={Emilia: A Large-Scale, Extensive, Multilingual, and Diverse Dataset for Speech Generation}, booktitle={arXiv:2501.15907}, year={2025} }

@article{emonet_voice_2025, author={Schuhmann, Christoph and Kaczmarczyk, Robert and Rabby, Gollam and Friedrich, Felix and Kraus, Maurice and Nadi, Kourosh and Nguyen, Huu and Kersting, Kristian and Auer, Sören}, title={EmoNet-Voice: A Fine-Grained, Expert-Verified Benchmark for Speech Emotion Detection}, journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2506.09827}, year={2025} }

@article{chen2021wavlm, title={WavLM: Large-Scale Self-Supervised Pre-Training for Full Stack Speech Processing}, author={Chen, Sanyuan and Wang, Chengyi and Chen, Zhengyang and Wu, Yu and Liu, Shujie and Chen, Zhuoyuan and Li, Jinyu and others}, journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2110.13900}, year={2021} } ``

https://huggingface.co/nineninesix/gepard-1.0#license 许可协议

Apache 2.0 — 本模型及其权重根据 Apache License 2.0 (https://opensource.org/licenses/Apache-2.0) 发布。

本模型使用了 NVIDIA NeMo NanoCodec (https://huggingface.co/nvidia/nemo-nano-codec-22khz-1.89kbps-21.5fps)。该模型受 NVIDIA Open Model License Agreement (https://developer.download.nvidia.com/licenses/nvidia-open-model-license-agreement-june-2024.pdf) 约束。

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