PiDA: Phonetically-Informed Data Augmentation for Robust Vietnamese Speech Translation

arXiv cs.CL Papers

Summary

This paper presents PiDA, a phonetically-informed data augmentation method for Vietnamese speech translation that improves robustness by generating ASR-like corruptions using phonetic word embeddings, achieving up to +2.04 BLEU on noisy outputs.

arXiv:2606.12911v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Cascaded speech translation (ST) systems suffer from error propagation when Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) outputs incorrect transcripts. We present the first systematic categorization of ASR errors for Vietnamese ST, classifying substitution errors by phonetic cause and quantifying their impact on downstream Neural Machine Translation (NMT) performance using Linear Mixed-Effects Modelling. We confirm that most ASR substitution errors arise from phonetic confusions rather than random noise, and that these phonetic errors significantly degrade ST quality. Motivated by this finding, we propose Phonetically-Informed Data Augmentation (PiDA), which generates ASR-like corruptions by substituting words with phonetically similar alternatives using phonetic word embeddings. Fine-tuning on a PiDA-augmented version of FLEURS Vietnamese-English improves translation of erroneous ASR outputs (up to +2.04 BLEU over standard fine-tuning) while also slightly improving clean-text performance.
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# PiDA: Phonetically-Informed Data Augmentation for Robust Vietnamese Speech Translation
Source: [https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.12911](https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.12911)
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> Abstract:Cascaded speech translation \(ST\) systems suffer from error propagation when Automatic Speech Recognition \(ASR\) outputs incorrect transcripts\. We present the first systematic categorization of ASR errors for Vietnamese ST, classifying substitution errors by phonetic cause and quantifying their impact on downstream Neural Machine Translation \(NMT\) performance using Linear Mixed\-Effects Modelling\. We confirm that most ASR substitution errors arise from phonetic confusions rather than random noise, and that these phonetic errors significantly degrade ST quality\. Motivated by this finding, we propose Phonetically\-Informed Data Augmentation \(PiDA\), which generates ASR\-like corruptions by substituting words with phonetically similar alternatives using phonetic word embeddings\. Fine\-tuning on a PiDA\-augmented version of FLEURS Vietnamese\-English improves translation of erroneous ASR outputs \(up to \+2\.04 BLEU over standard fine\-tuning\) while also slightly improving clean\-text performance\.

## Submission history

From: Giang Son Nguyen \[[view email](https://arxiv.org/show-email/15cfb280/2606.12911)\] **\[v1\]**Thu, 11 Jun 2026 05:09:59 UTC \(39 KB\)

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