Paper page - CoEvo-RSI: When Harnesses Evolve, Which Models Should Follow?

Source: https://huggingface.co/papers/2610.25078

Abstract

CoEvo-RSI reduces brain-body mismatch in recursive self-improving agents by using bidirectional historical inheritance to align model capabilities with evolving harness requirements, achieving strong results via supervised fine-tuning.

Model--harness co-evolution has emerged as a prominent paradigm for recursive self-improving (RSI) agents, jointly evolving their execution scaffolds and intrinsic capabilities. We study the persistent yet often overlooked brain--body mismatch problem in this paradigm, where an evolving harness (body) demands behaviors its model (brain) has not learned or restricts capabilities it already possesses. We introduce CoEvo-RSI, a RSI framework that advances model--harness co-evolution through agent-driven,bidirectional historical inheritance. Drawing on a shared evolutionary archive and execution feedback, ameta-agentcoordinates harness development from historical designs with model checkpoint selection or merging and subsequent adaptation under the selected harness, aligning inherited capabilities with evolving execution requirements to reduce brain--body mismatch. Using onlysupervised fine-tuning(SFT) on its ownrejection-sampled trajectories, CoEvo-RSI makes Qwen3.5-9B competitive with larger models across diverse vertical applications, including multi-agent failure attribution, role-aware text-to-SQL, and smart-home instruction following. It surpasses DeepSeek-V4-Pro on TraceElephant (+14.16 agent accuracy) and GLM-5.3 on HomeBench VM (+4.90 success rate), underscoring the need for brain--body alignment and the potential ofbidirectional historical inheritanceto advance agent co-evolution.

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#### nullptr04/CoEvo-RSI-who-when Image-Text-to-Text• 1.47M• Updatedabout 1 hour ago • 43 #### nullptr04/CoEvo-RSI-homebench Image-Text-to-Text• 1.47M• Updatedabout 1 hour ago • 41 #### nullptr04/CoEvo-RSI-rbac Image-Text-to-Text• 9B• Updatedabout 1 hour ago • 68

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