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Samsung Electronics' Q2 operating profit surged 19 times year-on-year, surpassing Nvidia to become one of the world's most profitable companies, marking the second phase of AI infrastructure—where computing power is not just about GPUs but the entire supply chain (including HBM, DRAM, NAND, etc.). The article points out that AI companies need to understand models, engineering, and supply chain simultaneously to survive.
This article is the first part of the AI Engineering Panorama series. From a historical perspective, it reviews the evolution of GPUs from gaming graphics cards to AI accelerators, the bold bet of CUDA, the independent path of Google's TPU, and why NVIDIA ultimately prevailed. It also provides a detailed analysis of the underlying logic of AI infrastructure such as chips, supply chain, networking, and power.