geology

A new study suggests that intense asteroid bombardment during the Hadean eon kept Earth's early crust hot and thin, enabling the formation of the first continental crust. Geologist Tim Johnson argues that impacts from space, not just internal heat, explain the missing 500 million years of geological record.

Satellite interferometry from ESA's Sentinel-1 shows ground displacement up to 30 centimeters after Venezuela's twin earthquakes, revealing deformation along the San Sebastián fault system.

Venezuela experienced a rare seismic doublet with two powerful earthquakes of 7.2 and 7.5 magnitude occurring 39 seconds apart, causing a national emergency. The phenomenon involves stress transfer between faults and has been studied in other regions such as Turkey and Syria.

This paper presents Geo-Strat-RL, a synthetic environment that uses reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) to train vision-language models to reason about geological event histories from stratigraphic diagrams and seismic data, demonstrating improved reconstruction and cross-domain transfer.

Scientists have located the path of the Colorado River during a 5-million-year disappearance from the geological record.