low-resource

This paper introduces a benchmark dataset of 1,516 expert-verified Bangla sentences for disambiguating culturally entangled homographs (words that are both names and common nouns). It shows that LLMs suffer from dominant-meaning bias and proposes contrastive chain-of-thought prompting and distillation to reduce this bias.

This paper investigates cross-lingual clinical correctness drift in medical language models, finding that locally deployable models show significant safety degradation when queried in Hausa compared to English, while frontier models maintain competence, highlighting a critical gap in safety evaluation for low-resource settings.

This paper introduces BLAD, a curated multilingual dataset of 1,484 Bangladeshi legal acts spanning 1799 to 2025, with structured metadata for temporal and cross-lingual legal NLP research.

This paper proposes two hybrid continual learning methods—Replay Augmented Elastic Weight Consolidation and Constraint Guided Knowledge Distillation—to adapt pretrained speech models for identifying low-resource Australian Aboriginal languages while mitigating catastrophic forgetting.

This paper presents a hybrid approach for detecting online polarization in English and Hausa using DeBERTa for English and AfroXLMR-Social for Hausa and fine-grained subtasks, with LoRA and data augmentation to address computational and data constraints.

This paper investigates cross-lingual transfer for low-resource ASR in Warlpiri, proposing a similarity-based framework combining acoustic and linguistic features to select optimal source languages. Experiments show that acoustically similar languages like Assamese and Hindi significantly reduce word and character error rates.

This paper presents a sentence-level sign language translation system fine-tuned with QLoRA on a subset of How2Sign, achieving BLEU 15.9. Its main contribution is a hardware-aware streaming pipeline using a Raspberry Pi 4B client and a CPU/GPU backend, reducing mean latency by 27.71%.

This paper proposes a multi-conditioned diffusion-based synthesis pipeline using Stable Diffusion XL and ControlNet to generate synthetic sand boil imagery for low-resource earthen-levee inspection, addressing the scarcity of annotated defect examples.

Colibri runs the 744B parameter GLM-5.2 MoE model on a laptop with 25GB RAM by activating only ~40B parameters per token and streaming experts from disk, all in a single 2,400-line C file with no GPU required.

This paper introduces the Nigeria Machinery Usage and Failures Dataset, 89 records across 28 indicators for Nigeria's manufacturing and oil/gas sectors from 2006 to 2025, along with a method to build domain-grounded chain-of-thought reasoning examples from sparse numeric values.

This research investigates cross-lingual transfer learning from Sinhala to Dhivehi for automatic speech recognition, achieving significant improvements in word error rate compared to Dhivehi-only baselines.

This paper proposes CoPiT, a cognitively motivated pivot-based translation pipeline for digraphic Mongolian that routes translation through the better-resourced Cyrillic script to improve translation from the low-resource Traditional script, achieving significant BLEU and COMET gains and releasing a new multi-script parallel dataset.

This paper proposes a multimodal framework that jointly improves Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) and Dialect Identification (DID) for Indian languages, using a Bottleneck Encoder and RoBERTa with a gating mechanism. Evaluated on eight languages with 33 dialects, it achieves 81.63% DID accuracy and reduces CER/WER to 4.65%/17.73%.

Small AI models are proving valuable in regions with unreliable networks, enabling life-saving applications like counterfeit drug detection and disease identification in crops without needing constant internet connectivity.

PAST-TIDE is a stance detection system for the StanceNakba Shared Task, using statement tuning with cloze-style masked language modeling, prototypical contrastive learning, and topic-conditional layer normalization for cross-topic Arabic stance detection, achieving macro-F1 scores of 0.75 and 0.74 on subtasks A and B.

An 18-year-old Tunisian student introduces an open-source machine translation pipeline and parallel corpus for Tunisian Darija in Arabizi script, built from scratch with a small 15.6M-parameter Transformer and an honest baseline BLEU of 3.89, and calls for contributors to ethically expand the corpus.

This paper analyzes the use of LLM-as-a-Judge in multilingual and low-resource settings, finding inconsistent evaluation outcomes and overtrust in LLM judgments, and provides recommendations for better practices.

SPARCLE is a speaker-aware grapheme representation model that uses contrastive learning to align grapheme embeddings with acoustic representations, improving text-to-speech quality especially in low-resource settings.

This paper investigates cross-lingual relation extraction for Romanian by translating the SemEval-2010 Task 8 benchmark and evaluating Gemma 4 under zero-shot, few-shot, and QLoRA fine-tuning, comparing with smaller encoder baselines.

This paper proposes a tone-conditioned curriculum learning framework for low-resource Bantu speech recognition, combining hybrid difficulty scoring, gated adapters, and staged curriculum training. Evaluations on six Southern Bantu languages show that W2V-BERT outperforms Whisper on Nguni languages while Whisper performs better on Sotho-Tswana languages.