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Researchers at MIT have developed PlasmoSniff, a breath test that uses nanoparticles and enhanced Raman spectroscopy to detect pneumonia and other lung conditions in minutes, potentially enabling rapid at-home or clinical diagnosis.
Research reveals that gold's apparent inertness is due to a protective surface reconstruction into a hexagonal pattern, while a square lattice form is catalytically active. Nanoparticles lack the atoms for this reconstruction, revealing gold's reactive nature.