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Japan's JAXA launched the $578 million MMX mission aboard an H3 rocket to land on Mars' moon Phobos and return samples to Earth, aiming to shed light on Solar System formation. The five-year expedition builds on Japan's Hayabusa asteroid sample-return legacy, with contributions from NASA and European space agencies.
Japan's JAXA-led MMX mission is set to launch toward Mars to survey its moons Phobos and Deimos, collect at least 10 grams of samples, and return them to Earth by 2031 — the first samples ever returned from a moon other than our own.