TMR-GGNN: Credit Card Fraud Detection based on Time-Aware Multi-Relational Guided Graph Neural Network

arXiv cs.LG Papers

Summary

Proposes TMR-GGNN, a time-aware multi-relational graph neural network for credit card fraud detection that handles imbalanced data and evolving fraud patterns via contrastive learning and focal loss.

arXiv:2606.18444v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In recent years, credit card fraud detection has faced significant challenges due to highly imbalanced data, evolving fraud patterns, and complex relational structures among transaction entities. To address these issues, this research proposes a novel framework called Timeaware Multi Relational Guided Graph Neural Network (TMR GGNN). Particularly, the proposed TMR GGNN extends the encoder decoder Graph Neural Network GNN architecture by modeling heterogeneous interactions across customers, merchants, devices, and IPs over temporal windows. Subsequently, the proposed TMR GGNN approach constructs a dynamic, multi relational graph and incorporates a time aware relational attention mechanism within the encoder to adaptively weigh the transaction relevance based on temporal proximity and semantic context. Consequently, the decoder employs a contrastive learning module to distinguish between real and synthesized transaction patterns, while improving the models generalization of rare fraud cases. Additionally, to effectively manage severe class imbalances and emphasize discriminative learning, a composite loss function combining Information Noise Contrastive Estimation (InfoNCE) based contrastive loss with Focal Loss is introduced. This integration assists in improving fraud identification while mitigating false negatives.
Original Article
View Cached Full Text

Cached at: 06/18/26, 05:42 AM

# TMR-GGNN: Credit Card Fraud Detection based on Time-Aware Multi-Relational Guided Graph Neural Network
Source: [https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.18444](https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.18444)
[View PDF](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2606.18444)

> Abstract:In recent years, credit card fraud detection has faced significant challenges due to highly imbalanced data, evolving fraud patterns, and complex relational structures among transaction entities\. To address these issues, this research proposes a novel framework called Timeaware Multi Relational Guided Graph Neural Network \(TMR GGNN\)\. Particularly, the proposed TMR GGNN extends the encoder decoder Graph Neural Network GNN architecture by modeling heterogeneous interactions across customers, merchants, devices, and IPs over temporal windows\. Subsequently, the proposed TMR GGNN approach constructs a dynamic, multi relational graph and incorporates a time aware relational attention mechanism within the encoder to adaptively weigh the transaction relevance based on temporal proximity and semantic context\. Consequently, the decoder employs a contrastive learning module to distinguish between real and synthesized transaction patterns, while improving the models generalization of rare fraud cases\. Additionally, to effectively manage severe class imbalances and emphasize discriminative learning, a composite loss function combining Information Noise Contrastive Estimation \(InfoNCE\) based contrastive loss with Focal Loss is introduced\. This integration assists in improving fraud identification while mitigating false negatives\.

## Submission history

From: Navin Chhibber \[[view email](https://arxiv.org/show-email/2e9f9051/2606.18444)\] **\[v1\]**Tue, 16 Jun 2026 19:50:53 UTC \(402 KB\)

Similar Articles

Graph-Based Financial Fraud Detection with Calibrated Risk Scoring and Structural Regularization

arXiv cs.LG

This paper proposes a graph neural network framework for financial fraud detection that integrates transaction records and identity information into node attributes, employs a multi-layer message passing mechanism, and uses weighted supervision and structural consistency regularization to improve risk scoring and probability calibration. Experiments on a public dataset show the method outperforms existing approaches.

A Temporally Augmented Graph Attention Network for Affordance Classification

Hugging Face Daily Papers

EEG-tGAT is a temporally augmented Graph Attention Network that improves affordance classification from interaction sequences by incorporating temporal attention and dropout mechanisms. The model enhances GATv2 for sequential data where temporal dimensions are semantically non-uniform.

TERGAD: Structure-Aware Text-Enhanced Representations for Graph Anomaly Detection

arXiv cs.CL

TERGAD is a novel data augmentation framework that uses large language models to translate node-level topological properties into semantic narratives, then fuses these with original node attributes via a gated dual-branch autoencoder for graph anomaly detection, achieving state-of-the-art results on six datasets.