LLM能否遵守严格的二维空间约束？（使用推箱子游戏进行测试）

我最近在零样本条件下测试了现代大型语言模型（LLM）处理空间几何与逻辑推理的能力。为了杜绝作弊式猜测，我使用了一张自定义的**推箱子（Sokoban）**地图，并设置了极其严格的格式约束（不允许使用思维链，仅输出原始方向指令）。结果显示，顶级闭源模型与其他模型之间存在巨大鸿沟。 --- ### 📊 测试结果 以下是各模型在严格遵守布局约束的前提下尝试解谜的表现： #### ✅ 通过（成功解题 + 完美格式） * **ChatGPT** * **Qwen3.7-max** * **Gemini 3.5-thinking** #### 🔴 失败（非法移动、死局或格式崩溃） * **Gemini 3.5-flash** * **Gemini 3.1 Pro** * **Qwen3.7-plus**（快速/思考模式） * **Qwen3.6-plus** * **Qwen3.6-35B-A3B** * **GLM-5** * **Gemma4-26B-A4B** *（注：由于账户访问限制，Claude 模型未包含在此次测试中。）* --- ### 📝 使用的测试提示 你可以复制下方提示，在其他模型上测试它们处理空间追踪的能力： ```text You are a perfect Sokoban automatic solver. Based on the standard XSB format character map provided below, calculate the sequence of moves required to push all boxes ($) to their respective goals (. or +). 1. Symbol Definitions: # : Wall (Space) : Floor @ : Player $ : Box (not on goal) . : Goal (empty) * : Box on Goal + : Player on Goal 2. Core Movement Rules: - The player moves one step at a time to an adjacent floor: UP, DOWN, LEFT, or RIGHT. - The player can only push a single box; the player cannot pull boxes, nor can they push two consecutive boxes at once. - Avoid pushing boxes into corners/deadlocks that make the level unsolvable. 3. [Extremely Strict] Output Format Requirements: Perform all path deductions within your internal state machine or mental simulation. - The final result [MUST ONLY] consist of a sequence of these four uppercase words: UP, DOWN, LEFT, RIGHT. - All steps must be output on a single line, strictly separated by English commas (,). [DO NOT] include spaces and [DO NOT] include newlines. - The entire response [IS STRICTLY FORBIDDEN] from containing any introductory text, concluding remarks, Chain of Thought (CoT), extra punctuation (except the commas between steps), or any characters other than these four words. Correct Output Example Format: UP,UP,LEFT,DOWN,RIGHT,RIGHT,DOWN 4. Level Map Data to be Solved: [ " ###", " ## # ####", " ## ### #", "## $ #", "# @$ # #", "### $### #", " # #.. #", " ## ##.# ##", " # ##", " # ##", " #######" ] ```