HTTP QUERY 方法

# HTTP QUERY 方法 来源：https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html Internet-Draft HTTP QUERY 方法 2026年6月 Reschke 等人 有效期至 2026年12月25日 [页码] ## 摘要 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#abstract) 本规范定义了 HTTP 的 QUERY 方法。QUERY 请求要求请求目标以安全且幂等的方式处理所包含的内容，并返回处理结果作为响应。这与 POST 请求类似，但可以自动重复或重启，无需担心部分状态变更。 ¶ (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#section-abstract-1) ## 编者注 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-editorial-note) 此备注将在发布为 RFC 前删除。 ¶ (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#section-note.1-1) 有关本草案的讨论将在 HTTP 工作组邮件列表 ([email protected]) 上进行，存档地址为： https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/ietf-http-wg/ ¶ (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#section-note.1-2) 工作组信息请访问 https://httpwg.org/；本草案的源代码和问题列表请访问 https://github.com/httpwg/http-extensions/labels/query-method。 ¶ (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#section-note.1-3) 本草案的变更总结见附录 C.14 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#changes.since.13)。 ¶ (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#section-note.1-4) ## 本备忘录的状态 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-status-of-this-memo) 本 Internet-Draft 完全符合 BCP 78 和 BCP 79 的规定提交。 ¶ (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#section-boilerplate.1-1) Internet-Drafts 是互联网工程任务组 (IETF) 的工作文档。请注意，其他组织也可能以 Internet-Drafts 形式发布工作文档。当前 Internet-Drafts 列表请访问 https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/。 ¶ (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#section-boilerplate.1-2) Internet-Drafts 是有效期最长为六个月的草稿文档，可能随时被其他文档更新、替换或废弃。将 Internet-Drafts 用作参考材料或引用为“进行中的工作”之外的形式是不恰当的。 ¶ (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#section-boilerplate.1-3) 本 Internet-Draft 将于 2026 年 12 月 25 日到期。 ¶ (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#section-boilerplate.1-4) ## 版权声明 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-copyright-notice) 版权所有 © 2026 IETF Trust 及本文档作者。保留所有权利。 ¶ (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#section-boilerplate.2-1) 本文档受 BCP 78 及 IETF Trust 的《IETF 文档法律条款》(https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) 约束，该条款在本文档发布之日生效。请仔细阅读这些文档，它们描述了您对本文档的权利和限制。从本文档提取的代码组件必须包含修订版 BSD 许可文本（详见《信托法律条款》第 4.e 节），并按修订版 BSD 许可的规定提供，不附带任何担保。 ¶ (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#section-boilerplate.2-2) ▲ (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#) ## 目录 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-table-of-contents) - 1 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#section-1). 引言 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-introduction) - 1.1 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#section-1.1). 术语 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-terminology) - 1.2 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#section-1.2). 表示惯例 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-notational-conventions) - 2 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#section-2). QUERY (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-query) - 2.1 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#section-2.1). 媒体类型与内容协商 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-media-types-and-content-neg) - 2.2 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#section-2.2). 等价资源 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-equivalent-resource) - 2.3 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#section-2.3). Content-Location 响应字段 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-content-location-response-f) - 2.4 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#section-2.4). Location 响应字段 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-location-response-field) - 2.5 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#section-2.5). 重定向 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-redirection) - 2.6 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#section-2.6). 条件请求 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-conditional-requests) - 2.7 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#section-2.7). 缓存 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-caching) - 2.8 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#section-2.8). 范围请求 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-range-requests) - 3 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#section-3). "Accept-Query" 头部字段 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-the-accept-query-header-fie) - 4 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#section-4). 安全考虑 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-security-considerations) - 5 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#section-5). IANA 考虑 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-iana-considerations) - 5.1 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#section-5.1). QUERY 方法的注册 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-registration-of-query-metho) - 5.2 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#section-5.2). Accept-Query 字段的注册 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-registration-of-accept-quer) - 6 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#section-6). 规范性引用 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-normative-references) - 7 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#section-7). 资料性引用 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-informative-references) - 附录 A (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#appendix-A). 示例 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-examples) - A.1 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#appendix-A.1). 简单查询 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-simple-query) - A.2 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#appendix-A.2). 发现 QUERY 支持 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-discovery-of-query-support) - A.3 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#appendix-A.3). 发现 QUERY 格式 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-discovery-of-query-formats) - A.4 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#appendix-A.4). Content-Location、Location 与间接响应 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-content-location-location-a) - A.4.1 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#appendix-A.4.1). 使用 Content-Location (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-using-content-location) - A.4.2 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#appendix-A.4.2). 使用 Location (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-using-location) - A.4.3 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#appendix-A.4.3). 间接响应 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-indirect-responses) - A.5 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#appendix-A.5). 条件请求 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-conditional-requests-2) - A.6 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#appendix-A.6). 更多查询格式 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-more-query-formats) - 附录 B (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#appendix-B). 方法名称 'QUERY' 的选择 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-selection-of-the-method-nam) - 附录 C (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#appendix-C). 变更日志 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-change-log) - C.1 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#appendix-C.1). 自 draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body-00 以来 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-since-draft-ietf-httpbis-sa) - C.2 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#appendix-C.2). 自 draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body-01 以来 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-since-draft-ietf-httpbis-saf) - C.3 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#appendix-C.3). 自 draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body-02 以来 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-since-draft-ietf-httpbis-safe) - C.4 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#appendix-C.4). 自 draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body-03 以来 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-since-draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-) - C.5 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#appendix-C.5). 自 draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body-04 以来 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-since-draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-m) - C.6 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#appendix-C.6). 自 draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body-05 以来 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-since-draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-me) - C.7 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#appendix-C.7). 自 draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body-06 以来 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-since-draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-met) - C.8 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#appendix-C.8). 自 draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body-07 以来 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-since-draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-meth) - C.9 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#appendix-C.9). 自 draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body-08 以来 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-since-draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-metho) - C.10 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#appendix-C.10). 自 draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body-09 以来 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-since-draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-metho-2) - C.11 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#appendix-C.11). 自 draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body-10 以来 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-since-draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-metho-3) - C.12 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#appendix-C.12). 自 draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body-11 以来 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-since-draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-metho-4) - C.13 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#appendix-C.13). 自 draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body-12 以来 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-since-draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-metho-5) - C.14 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#appendix-C.14). 自 draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body-13 以来 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-since-draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-metho-6) - 附录 D (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#appendix-D). 致谢 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-acknowledgements) - 附录 E (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#appendix-E). 贡献者 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-contributors) - 附录 F (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#appendix-F). 作者地址 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-authors-addresses) ## 1. (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#section-1) 引言 (https://httpwg.org/http-extensions/draft-ietf-httpbis-safe-method-w-body.html#name-introduction) 本规范定义了 HTTP QUERY 请求方法。