SNAP3D: Physically Grounded 3D Parts for Assembly from a Single Image

Hugging Face Daily Papers Papers

Summary

SNAP3D introduces a physics-guided framework to improve part-aware 3D generation from a single image, ensuring stable and physically valid assemblies through simulation feedback and resolving issues like inter-part penetration.

Part-aware 3D asset generation enables applications such as editing, articulation, simulation, and fabrication, yet existing methods can generate visually complete individual parts without ensuring that they form a valid physical assembly. Consequently, generated neighboring parts may interpenetrate, lack valid connections, or collapse under gravity. We propose a physics-guided framework for improving single-image part-aware 3D generation with physically compatible geometry and stable connections. Our method resolves inter-part penetration, recovers a contact graph between neighboring parts, and introduces parameterized connectors at their contact surfaces. Using feedback from physical simulation, we refine connector placement, orientation, and dimensions to improve assembly stability while preserving the generated geometry. We further introduce a physics-based evaluation protocol that complements conventional geometric metrics by directly testing assembly validity and stability under gravity. Experiments comparing against multiple part-aware 3D generators show substantial improvements in physical realizability and stability while maintaining geometric quality. We additionally validate the resulting parts through 3D printing and real-world assembly.
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Paper page - SNAP3D: Physically Grounded 3D Parts for Assembly from a Single Image

Source: https://huggingface.co/papers/2609.13146

Abstract

A physics-guided framework improves part-aware 3D generation by resolving inter-part penetration, recovering contact graphs, and refining parameterized connectors via simulation feedback to ensure stable, physically valid assemblies.

Part-aware 3D asset generation enables applications such as editing, articulation, simulation, and fabrication, yet existing methods can generate visually complete individual parts without ensuring that they form a valid physical assembly. Consequently, generated neighboring parts may interpenetrate, lack valid connections, or collapse under gravity. We propose a physics-guided framework for improving single-imagepart-aware 3D generationwith physically compatible geometry and stable connections. Our method resolvesinter-part penetration, recovers acontact graphbetween neighboring parts, and introducesparameterized connectorsat their contact surfaces. Using feedback fromphysical simulation, we refine connector placement, orientation, and dimensions to improveassembly stabilitywhile preserving the generated geometry. We further introduce aphysics-based evaluationprotocol that complements conventional geometric metrics by directly testing assembly validity and stability under gravity. Experiments comparing against multiple part-aware 3D generators show substantial improvements in physical realizability and stability while maintaining geometric quality. We additionally validate the resulting parts through 3D printing and real-world assembly.

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