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This article compares two AI approaches for mathematical problem solving: DeepMind's AlphaProof, which uses reinforcement learning in the Lean proof language, and OpenAI's raw LLM that achieved a gold medal at the 2025 International Math Olympiad without formal methods.
Google DeepMind's AlphaProof Nexus combines LLM-driven proof generation with machine verification using Lean, solving nine out of 353 open Erdős problems, two of which had been open for 56 years, at a cost of only a few hundred dollars per problem.