arabic

This paper investigates why LLMs underperform in Arabic medical tasks, showing via mechanistic analysis that knowledge exists internally but fails to surface, then proposes TLoRA, a targeted low-rank adaptation method that outperforms full-network LoRA on medical QA and introduces a new Arabic clinical dialogue benchmark.

This paper introduces AHA-Memes, the first large-scale Arabic hateful meme benchmark with fine-grained multi-label annotations, covering 5K manually annotated and ~66K silver-labeled memes, and benchmarks various multimodal models for culturally grounded hate detection.

This paper proposes a non-autoregressive CTC-based approach for speech-to-text diacritic restoration in Arabic, incorporating hard constraints during decoding to improve efficiency and reduce error rates.

This paper investigates methods to steer Arabic LLMs toward dialect-specific generation by identifying sparse neuron populations and extracting dialect activation directions, enabling dialect control at inference time without fine-tuning.

The author shares their experience swapping the TTS in their voice agent to a custom model (Banter 1) designed for bilingual Arabic-English conversations, which significantly reduced perceived lag.

PAST-TIDE is a stance detection system for the StanceNakba Shared Task, using statement tuning with cloze-style masked language modeling, prototypical contrastive learning, and topic-conditional layer normalization for cross-topic Arabic stance detection, achieving macro-F1 scores of 0.75 and 0.74 on subtasks A and B.

Introduces a comprehensive hate speech dataset for Turkish and Arabic, and develops state-of-the-art BERT-based models for hate speech analysis including classification, intensity prediction, target identification, and span detection.

This paper introduces a cross-evaluation framework for benchmarking LLMs on Arabic cultural and sociolinguistic knowledge, using human SME ground truth and automated judges. The authors contribute a dataset of prompt-rubric pairs for Egyptian and Iraqi Arabic, evaluating frontier LLMs and finding that cultural reasoning remains a primary failure mode for automated grading.

This paper presents a benchmark for Arabic-Russian scientific translation, including a hybrid parallel corpus of 27,000 sentence pairs and fine-tuned multilingual models (mT5, NLLB, Qwen) using LoRA. The best model achieves BLEU 23.15, and the work aims to lower language barriers for scientific knowledge exchange between Arabic and Russian researchers.

Cohere releases an open-source 2B parameter Arabic ASR model optimized for Arabic dialect performance and Arabic-English code-switching, based on the Conformer encoder-decoder architecture.

This paper introduces SemCog Bench, a curated benchmark of 1,858 Arabic-Hebrew word pairs with sentence-level annotations, to evaluate LLMs' ability to distinguish true cognates from false friends and loanwords. Results show high accuracy on true cognates but sharp drops on false friends, highlighting a key limitation in cross-lingual semantic reasoning.

Introduces ArabiGEE, the first comprehensive Arabic grammatical error explanation taxonomy with a hierarchical structure spanning orthographic, morphological, syntactic, and lexical dimensions, comprising 27 error types, 140 correction types, and 324 explanations.

BloomBench is a cognitively grounded bilingual (English-Arabic) multimodal benchmark for Vision-Language Models, systematically evaluating six cognitive levels based on Bloom's Taxonomy. Experiments reveal significant cognitive asymmetries and cross-lingual performance gaps in current models.

This paper introduces AraHopeCorpus, the first annotated dataset of hope speech in Arabic social media, collected from YouTube comments about the war on Gaza. It provides a detailed annotation framework and analysis, showing that hopeful language dominates crisis discourse.

Presents a novel pattern-and-root model for describing Arabic noun inflection, focusing on broken plurals, with a taxonomy of 160 classes and an encoding scheme applied to 3,200 entries, aiming to improve computational language resources.

ArabDiscrim is a decade-long lexical resource and corpus of 293K Arabic Facebook posts about racism and discrimination, with engagement signals, morphological regex families, and discrimination axes, supporting fairness-oriented Arabic NLP research.