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This paper presents a five-stage framework integrating large language models into survey research, addressing declining response rates, sample bias, and fraudulent completions. Using 2024 Hurricane Milton survey data, the authors propose a theory-informed LLM (A-TLM) that outperforms classical imputation methods in missing-data scenarios and demonstrates manageable hallucination risk through grounded refusal.
Google DeepMind and Google Research launched Weather Lab, an interactive platform featuring experimental AI-based tropical cyclone prediction models that can forecast cyclone formation, track, intensity, and shape up to 15 days ahead. The models are being validated in partnership with the U.S. National Hurricane Center to improve forecast accuracy and support real-time warnings.