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#legal-nlp

UCVE: Graph Structured Retrieval for Compliance Validation

arXiv cs.CL ↗ · 2026-10-28 Cached

Capital One's AI Foundations team introduces UCVE, a domain-agnostic framework that models compliance requirement spaces as a Contextual Requirement Graph (CRG) and performs retrieval via spectral reranking over a reinforcement-learning-weighted Laplacian. Evaluated across three compliance domains, UCVE achieves a 4.3% matched-K recall lift over flat cosine retrieval, outperforming strong retrieval and graph-based baselines.

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#legal-nlp

The "10th Juror": Open-Set Standpoint Screening for Bureaucratic Bias Detection

arXiv cs.CL ↗ · 2026-10-09 Cached

论文提出 MARS-Gov,一个多智能体立场感知框架,用于荷兰政府文件中的官僚偏见检测、改写与验证,在 DGDB 上以 0.880 F1 达到新的 SOTA,并通过动态“第十位陪审员”实现开放集偏见目标识别。

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#legal-nlp

I Distilled an LLM into two 287M encoders (GLiNER + multiple choice) for document extraction, can't match teacher. did i do something wrong?

Reddit r/LocalLLaMA ↗ · 2026-10-04

A practitioner details a pipeline for distilling an LLM's document-extraction labels (entities, actions, values) into two 287M-parameter encoders — a GLiNER-style span tagger plus a multiple-choice model for entity resolution — to process ~5M court decisions, and asks for feedback on why it lags the teacher model.

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#legal-nlp

LexReward: A Taxonomy-Driven Reward Framework for Legal Language Models

Hugging Face Daily Papers ↗ · 2026-09-30 Cached

LexReward introduces a taxonomy-driven reward framework for legal language models, evaluating responses along Style, Element, and Chain dimensions to build DPO preference data and reward models (LexRM) that improve legal reasoning performance.

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LabourCrew: A Multi-Agent RAG Framework for Trustworthy Adversarial Deliberation and Statutory Reasoning over Labour Law

arXiv cs.CL ↗ · 2026-09-24 Cached

LabourCrew is a multi-agent RAG framework designed for trustworthy adversarial deliberation and statutory reasoning over labour law, incorporating grounding mechanisms to control false-accept rates and improve answer relevancy.

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#legal-nlp

Same Scores, Different Decisions: Evaluating JEV and Language Models for Legal Document Understanding

arXiv cs.CL ↗ · 2026-09-24 Cached

This paper compares JEV with nine language models on ContractNLI, evaluating inference cost, response time, and correctness across various request configurations, finding that JEV has lower cost and response time while language models achieve higher baseline accuracy.

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#legal-nlp

Cross-Lingual Legal QA for Vietnamese Labour Law: Retrieval, Translation, and Verifier-Guided Correction

arXiv cs.CL ↗ · 2026-09-24 Cached

This paper presents a bilingual evaluation suite for cross-lingual legal question answering in Vietnamese labour law, assessing retrieval, translation, and verifier-guided correction to enhance answer faithfulness and address unsupported claims.

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LexLattice: Multilingual Extractive Summarization via Neural Cellular Automata on Document Hierarchies

arXiv cs.CL ↗ · 2026-09-24 Cached

LexLattice introduces a multilingual extractive summarization method using neural cellular automata on document hierarchies, achieving state-of-the-art ROUGE scores on the EUR-Lex-Sum dataset with a compact model surpassing large instruction-tuned baselines.

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#legal-nlp

Classifying Interpretive Canons at the Sentence Level: A Benchmark from the German Federal Constitutional Court

arXiv cs.CL ↗ · 2026-09-24 Cached

This paper introduces a sentence-level benchmark for classifying interpretive canons in legal documents, evaluating LLMs on a dataset from the German Federal Constitutional Court.

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Mining Legal Arguments in U.S. Corporate Case Law

arXiv cs.CL ↗ · 2026-09-23 Cached

This paper introduces an expert-annotated dataset of 42 U.S. federal tax opinions for legal argument mining, featuring functional labels and tree-structured arguments, and demonstrates classification and retrieval experiments.

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Beyond Accuracy and Surface Fluency: Risk-Sensitive Evaluation of LLMs for Legal Clause Generation

arXiv cs.CL ↗ · 2026-09-22 Cached

This paper presents a risk-sensitive evaluation framework for LLM-generated contract clauses, focusing on legal failure modes and quality dimensions to assess risks beyond accuracy or fluency.

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#legal-nlp

Stop Removing Stopwords: How an Inherited Preprocessing Default Distorts Legal Text-as-Data

arXiv cs.CL ↗ · 2026-09-18 Cached

This paper demonstrates that removing stopwords in legal text analysis distorts doctrinal and ideological signals, recommending that stopwords be retained for measurement validity.

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MUCnoHARM@GermEval Shared Task 2026: Retrieval-based In-Context Learning for Defamatory Offences, and Where It Falls Short

arXiv cs.CL ↗ · 2026-09-10 Cached

This paper evaluates retrieval-based in-context learning approaches for detecting criminally relevant hate speech in German social media posts, finding that few-shot prompting outperforms zero-shot but retrieval methods offer marginal gains, with models better suited for triage than autonomous moderation.

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#legal-nlp

Cloud and On-Premises Deployment of Uzbek Legal RAG via Targeted Retriever Fine-Tuning

arXiv cs.CL ↗ · 2026-09-01 Cached

This paper describes building and deploying a retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) legal assistant for Uzbek in cloud and on-premises settings, creating domain benchmarks, and releasing the fine-tuned embedder UTE-1 to advance legal NLP in low-resource languages.

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ImmigrationReason: A Structured Dataset of U.S. Immigration Appeals for Legal Reasoning Research

arXiv cs.CL ↗ · 2026-08-24 Cached

This paper introduces ImmigrationReason, a large-scale structured dataset of U.S. immigration appeals for legal reasoning research, addressing the gap in administrative adjudication data for NLP studies.

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CoAL-RAG: A Complexity-Aware Legal Retrieval-Augmented Generation Method

arXiv cs.CL ↗ · 2026-08-19 Cached

CoAL-RAG introduces a complexity-aware retrieval-augmented generation method for legal consultation that dynamically selects retrieval strategies based on question complexity, achieving significant improvements on Chinese and English legal benchmarks.

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Gated Against One Model, Open to the Next: Option-Only Solvability in Legal Multiple-Choice Benchmarks

arXiv cs.CL ↗ · 2026-08-18 Cached

This paper demonstrates that legal multiple-choice benchmarks are vulnerable to option-only solvability, where models can answer correctly without the question, and that filtering based on one model's performance does not improve validity for other models.

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LegalPincite: Multi-level Legal Information Retrieval Dataset

Hugging Face Daily Papers ↗ · 2026-08-04 Cached

Introduces LegalPincite, a large-scale legal information retrieval dataset built from CJEU judgments, featuring masked queries, full corpora, and paragraph-level citation annotations to enable multi-level retrieval evaluation.

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Semantics of Subterfuge: Benchmarking Legal Deception Detection Against General-domain State-of-the-Art

arXiv cs.CL ↗ · 2026-08-03 Cached

This paper surveys and benchmarks NLP-based automatic deception detection in legal contexts, comparing fine-tuned transformers and seven LLMs with various prompting strategies across seven datasets. Results show domain sensitivity, with fine-tuned models excelling in general domains and few-shot LLMs competitive in low-resource legal settings.

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BLAD: A Historically Contextualized, Multilingual Dataset of Bangladeshi Legal Acts (1799 to 2025)

arXiv cs.CL ↗ · 2026-07-21 Cached

This paper introduces BLAD, a curated multilingual dataset of 1,484 Bangladeshi legal acts spanning 1799 to 2025, with structured metadata for temporal and cross-lingual legal NLP research.

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