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Alan Kay's 1993 HOPL-II paper recounts the early history of Smalltalk at Xerox PARC, tracing its roots in 1960s human-computer symbiosis research, the FLEX machine, SketchPad/Simula, and the Dynabook vision toward object-oriented design.
The desktop GUI evolved from military radar research through Engelbart's demos to Xerox PARC's development, before Apple commercialized it with the Macintosh, establishing the standard interface still used today.
Larry Masinter and Frank Halasz discuss their time at Xerox PARC, the development of Interlisp and NoteCards, and the ongoing Medley/Interlisp revival, reflecting on the culture of research and the enduring relevance of early computing environments.
This article details the historical development of laser printing at Xerox PARC, including the EARS system, Bravo word processor, and Press page description language, which ultimately paved the way for Apple's LaserWriter and Adobe Systems.