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Detailed breakdown of running Qwen 3.5 122B MoE on a single RTX 3090 at 35 t/s using a custom llama.cpp fork (ik_llama.cpp) with fused MoE operations and expert offloading to CPU RAM, significantly outperforming stock llama.cpp MTP.
Discusses performance trade-offs of offloading large AI model weights from GPU VRAM to system RAM, comparing different GPU configurations like RTX 5090 vs RTX6000 for models like DeepSeek V4 Pro.
A user shares their experience with llama.cpp server's model offloading, noting performance trade-offs and quiet operation, and asks for resources to understand how the tool manages memory across VRAM and system RAM.
This paper presents an empirical study on scheduling multiple LLMs on shared heterogeneous hardware, focusing on performance implications of CPU-GPU offloading and preemption. It finds that offloading causes non-linear decode degradation, especially for smaller models, and preemption overhead is dominated by model state reload, providing design guidance for future multi-model schedulers.