The Download：戳破AI就业恐慌

<p><em>这是今天版的</em><a href="https://forms.technologyreview.com/newsletters/briefing-the-download/?_ga=2.179569122.736533416.1649661040-405833893.1649413289"><em>The Download</em></a><em>，我们的工作日通讯，每天提供科技世界动态。</em></p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>对AI就业恐慌的现实检验</strong></h3> <p>尽管对AI威胁白领工作的恐慌日益加剧，但几乎没有证据表明这项技术对劳动力市场产生了大规模影响。</p> <p>对美国劳动力数据的分析显示，最易受AI影响的职业的失业率实际上低于受影响较小的职业。也没有迹象表明大量工人正在从受AI威胁的职业转向被认为更安全的体力劳动工作。</p> <p>诚然，就业市场并不乐观——但问题是为什么。<a href="https://www.technologyreview.com/2026/05/26/1137855/a-reality-check-on-the-ai-jobs-hysteria/?utm_source=the_download&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_campaign=the_download.unpaid.engagement&amp;utm_term=*%7CSUBCLASS%7C*&amp;utm_content=*%7CDATE:m-d-Y%7C*">以下是数据真正告诉我们关于AI和就业的情况</a>。</p> <p><em>—— David Rotman</em></p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>评论：是时候解决初级工作中即将到来的危机了</strong></h3> <p><em>——</em><em>Georgios Petropoulos，南加州大学马歇尔商学院助理教授</em></p> <p>AI尚未导致大规模失业。但它可能正在悄悄削弱职业阶梯的第一级。</p> <p>斯坦福大学最近的一项研究发现，在生成式AI普及后，从事AI相关职业的年轻工人就业率急剧下降。这种模式并没有出现在低暴露职业中，表明AI正在取代曾经给年轻工人提供最初立足点的初级任务。</p> <p>是时候重新思考如何培训、准备和支持进入职场的年轻人了。<a href="https://www.technologyreview.com/2026/05/26/1137865/its-time-to-address-the-looming-crisis-in-entry-level-work/?utm_source=the_download&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_campaign=the_download.unpaid.engagement&amp;utm_term=*%7CSUBCLASS%7C*&amp;utm_content=*%7CDATE:m-d-Y%7C*">阅读这篇评论文章，了解求职者、企业和社会如何适应</a>。</p> <p class="has-medium-font-size"><strong>必读</strong></p> <p><em>我搜遍了互联网，为你找到了今天最有趣/重要/恐怖/迷人的科技故事。</em></p> <p><strong>1 教皇呼吁政府监管AI</strong><br>在其第一份重要教学文件中，教皇利奥表示AI必须被“解除武装”。（<a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cedppn6002jo">BBC</a>）<br><em>+ 他警告AI助长战争和虚假信息。</em>（<a href="https://edition.cnn.com/2026/05/25/europe/pope-leo-ai-encyclical-magnifica-humanitas-intl">CNN</a>）<br><em>+ 但也可能“开辟一个向四面八方延伸的地平线”。</em>（<a href="https://www.engadget.com/2180436/pope-leo-calls-for-ai-to-serve-humanity-and-not-concentrate-power/">Engadget</a>）<br><em>+ Anthropic联合创始人Chris Olah也在此活动上发言。</em>（<a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/anthropics-olah-says-ai-must-be-guided-outside-big-tech-2026-05-25/">Reuters</a> $）</p> <p><strong>2 SpaceX发射了其最大、最强大的火箭</strong><br>Starship V3在Elon Musk宣布SpaceX IPO两天后进行了首飞。（<a href="https://www.theguardian.com/science/2026/may/22/spacex-launch-texas-test-flight">Guardian</a>）<em>+ SpaceX成功发射，但未能着陆。</em>（<a href="https://arstechnica.com/space/2026/05/spacexs-starship-v3-still-a-work-in-progress-mostly-successful-on-first-flight/">Ars Technica</a>）<br><em>+ 该火箭可能对SpaceX估值至关重要。</em>（<a href="https://fortune.com/2026/05/24/spacex-ipo-high-valuation-starship-orbital-data-centers-starlink-moon-mars/">Fortune</a> $）<br><em>+ 但公司的竞争对手正在崛起。</em>（<a href="https://www.technologyreview.com/2025/04/03/1114198/rivals-are-rising-to-challenge-the-dominance-of-spacex/?utm_source=the_download&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_campaign=the_download.unpaid.engagement&amp;utm_term=*%7CSUBCLASS%7C*&amp;utm_content=*%7CDATE:m-d-Y%7C*">MIT Technology Review</a>）</p> <p><strong>3 华为称五年内可制造行业领先芯片</strong><br>这家中国科技巨头宣布在芯片设计方面取得突破。（<a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/huawei-proposes-new-path-chip-development-amid-us-sanctions-2026-05-25/">Reuters</a> $）<br><em>+ 其进展凸显了北京方面消除美国制裁影响的努力。</em>（<a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/world/asia/chinas-huawei-touts-chip-design-breakthrough-bid-defy-us-sanctions-rcna346783">NBC</a>）<br><em>+ 该声明后中国芯片股上涨。</em>（<a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2026-05-26/chinese-chip-stocks-rise-in-hong-kong-on-hopes-for-huawei-tech">Bloomberg</a> $）</p> <p><strong>4 一种新疫苗可能预防当前危机背后的埃博拉病毒株</strong><br>测试显示mRNA疫苗有令人鼓舞的结果。（<a href="https://www.newscientist.com/article/2527731-experimental-mrna-vaccine-may-protect-against-multiple-ebola-viruses/">New Scientist</a>）<br><em>+ 另一种埃博拉疫苗可能在几个月内准备好进行试验。</em>（<a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cy82gkr7xzlo">BBC</a>）<br><em>+ 但疫苗面临一个新问题：它们的名字。</em>（<a href="https://www.technologyreview.com/2026/04/10/1135631/whats-in-a-name-modernas-vaccine-vs-therapy-dilemma/?utm_source=the_download&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_campaign=the_download.unpaid.engagement&amp;utm_term=*%7CSUBCLASS%7C*&amp;utm_content=*%7CDATE:m-d-Y%7C*">MIT Technology Review</a>）</p> <p><strong>5 一名游泳运动员在“类固醇奥运会”上打破世界纪录</strong><br>Enhanced Games的运动员被鼓励使用兴奋剂。（<a href="https://www.wired.com/story/a-swimmer-broke-a-world-record-at-the-enhanced-games/">Wired</a> $）<br><em>+ 硅谷精英支持了这项比赛。</em>（<a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2026/05/24/with-enhanced-games-silicon-valley-investors-turn-doping-into-billion-dollar-business-pitch/">WP</a> $）<br><em>+ 这正好符合2026年的长寿氛围。</em>（<a href="https://www.technologyreview.com/2026/05/22/1137753/the-enhanced-games-fit-right-in-with-the-rest-of-2026s-longevity-vibes/?utm_source=the_download&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_campaign=the_download.unpaid.engagement&amp;utm_term=*%7CSUBCLASS%7C*&amp;utm_content=*%7CDATE:m-d-Y%7C*">MIT Technology Review</a>）</p> <p><strong>6 欧盟计划对谷歌处以巨额反垄断罚款</strong><br>涉嫌在搜索结果中偏袒自己的服务。（<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2026/05/26/eu-plans-to-fine-google-triple-digit-million-euro-sum-handelsblatt.html">CNBC</a>）<br><em>+ 这将是违反《数字市场法案》的最大罚款。</em>（<a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/eu-plans-fine-google-high-triple-digit-million-euro-sum-handelsblatt-reports-2026-05-25/">Reuters</a> $）&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>7 美国量子计算补贴可能不合法</strong><br>国会批评人士称资金被滥用。（<a href="https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2026/05/uss-big-bet-on-quantum-computing-may-not-be-entirely-legal/">Ars Technica</a>）</p> <p><strong>8 AI正在造就新的亿万富翁——而工人们想要自己的份额</strong><br>三星的劳资对抗反映了全球担忧。（<a href="https://restofworld.org/2026/samsung-south-korea-union-ai-profits/">Rest of World</a>）</p> <p><strong>9 中国已将人造人类胚胎送入轨道<br>"</p>